Iran's nuclear chief on Thursday rejected allegations of secret weapons activity, saying the country has never operated an undeclared nuclear site and that all its activities remain under the oversight of the UN nuclear watchdog.
Mohammad Eslami, head of Iran’s Atomic Energy Organization, told the closing session of the 31st National Nuclear Conference in Mashhad that “Iran has never had any undeclared or covert nuclear activity,” and that all operations are conducted “within the framework of cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).”
Eslami said IAEA inspectors continue to conduct both announced and unannounced visits to Iranian nuclear facilities and noted that more than 25% of all global International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections in 2024 took place in Iran, despite Iran holding a small share of the world’s nuclear infrastructure.
His comments follow a Fox News report citing satellite imagery and information from the opposition group National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), which claimed a previously undisclosed facility—dubbed the “Rainbow Site”—in Semnan province has been operating for over a decade to extract tritium, a material used in advanced nuclear weapons. The NCRI alleged the site operates under the guise of a chemical firm, Diba Energy Siba.
Iranian officials have dismissed the report as politically motivated. Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said on Friday the claims were part of a smear campaign amid indirect nuclear talks with the United States.
“More Very Scary Satellite Images are being circulated,” he wrote on X, accusing Israel of fueling disinformation via proxy groups.
Eslami accused Western powers of trying to destroy Iran’s technological achievements “through either hard or soft power,” and reiterated that Iran’s nuclear goals remain “entirely peaceful and transparent.”
Iran maintains its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes. The IAEA has not publicly confirmed the existence of the so-called Rainbow Site, but its Director General Rafael Grossi recently warned that Tehran now possesses enough enriched uranium to produce “a few warheads” and could do so within months.
Speaking at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York in April, Grossi said that while Iran has not yet built a nuclear weapon, “the material for it … is already there.”
Grossi also said that past research and testing related to nuclear weaponization by Iran remain a source of concern, with the agency lacking “full confidence that they have disappeared completely.”
Grossi described the current state of IAEA monitoring in Iran as “insufficient,” citing a significant shortfall in the agency’s visibility into the full scope of Iran’s nuclear activities.
During his recent visit to Tehran, Grossi met with senior Iranian officials to urge greater transparency, while also noting a strong international consensus—shared by Beijing—against the emergence of a nuclear-armed Iran.
The IAEA remains the sole authority capable of verifying Iran’s compliance with nuclear commitments, and Grossi says any breakthrough in negotiations will hinge on technical clarity and inspection access.
All Republican senators except one, along with 177 GOP representatives, signed the letter warning against any agreement resembling the 2015 nuclear deal brokered under former President Barack Obama.
That accord, they argued, merely delayed Iran’s nuclear ambitions while allowing it to continue enrichment activities under international oversight.
“The United States cannot afford another deal that gives Iran room to maneuver,” the lawmakers wrote. “The regime must be stripped of all enrichment capacity — even for peaceful energy purposes.”
Rand Paul of Kentucky was the only Republican who did not endorse the letter led by Senator Pete Ricketts of Nebraska and Representative August Pfluger of Texas.
Citing what they described as Iran’s expanding nuclear program, the Republicans expressed skepticism over the possibility of verifying any future agreement that permits enrichment.
“The scale of Iran’s nuclear activity today makes verification of any such deal impossible,” the letter said.
The message comes as the fourth round of US-Iran talks concluded without a breakthrough, and Trump is on a diplomatic tour of Iran's Arab neighbors.
The signatories praised Trump’s earlier decision to withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and his administration’s “maximum pressure” policy, which reimposed sweeping sanctions on Tehran.
“You have rightly drawn a red line against any deal that permits uranium enrichment,” they wrote. “We stand ready to support your administration with whatever tools are necessary to protect American national security.”
Trump has said that the goal of the negotiations is to achieve "full dismantlement" of Tehran's nuclear program. However, Tehran insists that its enrichment program is not open to negotiation, but it is ready to cap the level of enrichment.