US curbs on Iranian diplomats prompt appeal to UN

The 86-year-old theocrat styles himself a divinely-appointed protector of the oppressed worldwide and his remarks were couched as a general description of how weaker nations are usurped by more powerful ones led by the United States.

Speaking at a ceremony marking the birth anniversary of Fatemeh Zahra — the daughter of the Prophet Mohammad and a revered figure in Shia Islam — Khamenei said the motives behind what he called hegemonic pressure differ across regions.

“Sometimes it is about expanding territory,” he said, pointing to “what the Americans are doing with some Latin American countries.”

Western designs can also aim at extracting commodities," he said. “They apply pressure so they can take a country’s underground resources — its oil, for example."

Iran's relationship with Washington and Western Europe is at a low ebb since the United States joined a surprise Israeli military offensive against the country in June.

Britain, France and Germany then triggered the reimposition of international sanctions which have throttled Iran's already ailing economy.

Khamenei’s remarks came a day after the United States seized a Venezuela-linked tanker accused of transporting sanctioned Iranian and Venezuelan oil.

Washington says the tanker was part of a network tied to Hezbollah and Iran’s Revolutionary Guards.

Iran’s embassy in Caracas condemned the operation as an illegal act, calling it “robbery in the Caribbean Sea” and a violation of international maritime law.

US forces have mounted the largest buildup of forces in the Caribbean since the 1962 Cuban missile crisis and President Donald Trump has suggested the policy aims at the removal of leftist populist President Nicolas Maduro and has vowed attacks on land.

US air strikes on alleged drug boats in the region have killed at least 87 people.

'Hearts and minds'

Khamenei added that Western states also push to “reshape cultural and religious life,” often by influencing lifestyles and social norms through media. “They try to change how people live, think and believe,” he said.

But he said the most consequential objective is what he described as an engineered identity transformation. “More fundamental than all of these is the effort to change a nation’s identity,” he said.

Iranian officials accuse the West of seeking to foment sedition and rebellion in the country including by fomenting opposition to mandatory veiling laws for women.

The death of a young woman, Mahsa Amini, in morality police custody in 2022 led to nationwide protests dubbed the Woman, Life, Freedom movement which were quashed with deadly force.

Khamenei added that attempts to alter Iran’s cultural and religious foundations stretch back a century. “For a hundred years they have tried to rewrite who we are — our religion, our history, our culture,” he said. “The Islamic Revolution cleared that away, but the pressure continues. And resisting this pressure is essential.”

Khamenei said Iran is progressing despite economic and political pressures. “By God’s grace, the Islamic Republic is moving forward,” he told the audience of religious reciters. He said Iranians continue to show the world that Islam stands for “steadfastness, strength, honesty and justice.”

He also said the country faces a sustained “media and propaganda war” aimed at undermining public morale. “The enemy learned it cannot gain this land through military pressure,” he said. “So it turned to changing hearts and minds. We are standing firm, but the threat is real.”

The change is already underway and applies to “everyone who uses such lines,” Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei told reporters on Thursday. Any revision of national filtering policy, he added, lies exclusively with the Supreme Cyberspace Council, not the Supreme National Security Council. “The council decided on filtering, and the council must decide on changes,” he said.

Unequal access exposed by platform updates

Iran maintains some of the world’s strictest online controls, blocking X, Facebook, YouTube, Telegram and WhatsApp for ordinary users, who rely on unstable VPNs frequently disrupted by authorities.

But recent updates on X revealed that several lawmakers, government spokespeople and pro-government media figures were posting from inside Iran without VPNs. The disclosures pointed to their use of government-issued unrestricted mobile lines, often referred to domestically as “white SIMs,” which bypass national filtering and throttling systems.

The revelations triggered widespread public anger, highlighting a stark digital divide between citizens and officials at a time when President Masoud Pezeshkian had campaigned on restoring open access.

His administration has yet to lift filtering; in his first meeting of the Supreme Cyberspace Council, Pezeshkian instead stressed implementing the Supreme Leader’s directives on internet governance and ordered action against the thriving VPN market.

Limited room for reform

Asked whether cabinet members would also lose their privileged access, Haji-Mirzaei replied: “Anyone who has such a line.” The council, he said, had set conditions for reconsidering filtering and that preparatory work was underway.

The shift follows weeks of public backlash over unequal access, showing how the administration has so far failed to deliver on its pledge to ease restrictions within Iran’s tightly controlled online system.

The current strain shows unusual transmissibility and reduced vaccine effectiveness, driving a surge in clinic visits, health ministry spokesman Hossein Kermanpour said. He noted that elderly people, those with underlying conditions and several children were among the dead. Officials expect the wave to continue into January.

Schools shut as infections climb

Rapid spread among students prompted school closures in late November across several provinces. Authorities in Isfahan said the move was driven by rising infections rather than air pollution.

Concern grew further on December 4 after the confirmed death of a 26-year-old man with no pre-existing conditions. He developed 70-percent lung involvement and acute respiratory distress syndrome within 24 hours. Health officials in the southern Hormozgan province described the case as evidence of “intense viral circulation” and aggressive disease even in low-risk groups.

Authorities in the central Yazd province have reported 1,138 positive tests and 13 deaths, mostly among older adults and vulnerable patients.

Pollution amplifies the crisis

The outbreak coincides with severe air pollution in major cities. Specialists say pollutants such as PM2.5 weaken the lungs and suppress immune responses, making people “far more vulnerable” to influenza. Global studies show dirty air can increase hospitalization and mortality from flu by 15 to 30 percent.

Infectious-disease expert Minoo Mohraz warned that influenza is “gradually becoming a pandemic” and could worsen death rates, adding that air pollution has “no immediate solution except staying indoors as much as possible.”

Daily burials in Tehran’s main cemetery have risen from 180 to about 220, Mehdi Babaei of Tehran’s city council said, linking the increase to soaring pollution levels.

Haalvsh, a rights group that documents abuses and unrest in Sistan-Baluchestan, said the Jebhe-ye Mobaarezin-e Mardomi (People’s Fighters Front) claimed responsibility in a statement posted overnight. The group said it targeted a convoy of the IRGC’s Imam Hossein battalion, part of the Salman Brigade, in the Lar district on Wednesday.

A spokesman for the group said the attack was meant as retaliation for what it described as the role of security forces in suppressing residents in Sistan-Baluchestan. He said a vehicle carrying the unit’s commander was struck and that four members were killed and several others wounded.

State-linked media initially reported three dead and three wounded but later said the death toll had risen to four. Haalvsh cited local sources as saying the gunfire occurred as several IRGC vehicles were heading toward their base in the Lar area.

Iran’s southeast, bordering Pakistan and Afghanistan, has long experienced armed attacks on security forces and government sites. The region has seen repeated incidents this year, including a major assault on a courthouse in Zahedan earlier in which nine people were killed. A separate Baluch Sunni militant group, Jaish al-Adl, claimed responsibility for that attack.

Authorities said pursuit operations were underway following Wednesday’s shooting, but have released few details so far.

Nour News, linked to Iran's security establishment, said the satellites will support agriculture, natural resources management and environmental monitoring. Russia last carried an Iranian-made telecommunications satellite into orbit in July.

The announcement follows comments last month by Hassan Salarieh, head of the Iranian Space Agency, who said Iran is preparing to launch three Earth-observation satellites — Zafar-2, Paya and a new batch of Kosar imaging satellites — and conduct its first test launch from the new Chabahar Space Center.

Salarieh said Iran had advanced to developing satellites with imaging resolutions of one meter and below, and described Chabahar, a coastal site in the southeast, as an emerging launch hub able to support heavier liquid-fuel rockets.

He said the center would eventually serve as Iran’s main space gateway, with a position suited for placing satellites into sun-synchronous and geostationary orbits. Iran has also signed private-sector contracts for satellite constellations and highlighted recent launches aboard Russian rockets.

Iran says its space program is civilian and scientific, though Western governments argue that technologies used for satellite launches can support long-range missile development. President Masoud Pezeshkian has said Iran’s missile and space capabilities bolster national deterrence.