Iran’s top generals warn of overwhelming response to any attack
File photo of a military parade in Iran
Iran’s armed forces warned on Monday they are prepared to respond to any threat with overwhelming force, saying recent clashes showed the country could turn aggression into an opportunity to display regional and international power.
Major General Mousavi, chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, said in a message marking Defense Week that Tehran’s military and defensive capabilities blunted enemy plans during the recent 12-day conflict and that Iran would not remain passive in the face of new threats.
Sacred Defense Week, which begins on September 22, is Iran’s annual commemoration of the 1980–88 Iran-Iraq war, marked by military parades and other war-themed events.
Major General Mousavi, chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Iran
State news outlets quoted Mousavi as saying that “the armed forces,relying on strategic surprises, were ready to deliver a timely, decisive and beyond imagination response to any acts of aggression.”
Mousavi urged quicker development of advanced defense technologies and stronger deterrence, and called for preparations to counter so-called hybrid threats, especially cognitive and information warfare, which he said should be a priority for planners.
The comments came after a meeting between senior commanders of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and the regular army, where unity and coordinated action were stressed.
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander Mohammad Pakpour (left) and Army Commander Amir Hatami during a meeting on September 22, 2025
Army Commander Amir Hatami, quoted by state media, said any smallest aggression would be met by a unified, rapid and forceful response from both services and said that national interests would not be negotiated away.
“This unity is the iron shield that protects our country against plots and conspiracies. We proved again in the 12-day war that we will not bargain over our national interests.”
“From the very beginning of the Islamic revolution in 1979, the enemies have demanded that the Iranian nation give up its rightful goals, but our people, with sacrifices and martyrs, have resisted and will continue to resist,” he said.
IRGC commander Mohammad Pakpour underscored the need for “jihad-style” mobilization of public capacities across education, media and civil institutions to shape public narratives and resilience against external influence, remarks that reflect Tehran’s focus on combining military and non-military tools in its defense posture.
“The events of this imposed war were exactly reminiscent of September 1980 and the national unity forged at the start of the Sacred Defense,” he said
He added that “in the early hours, several of our senior commanders were martyred, but with the Supreme Leader’s wise leadership, successors were appointed and the battle was managed until the enemy was forced to request a ceasefire.”
One hundred Mossad operatives were deployed inside Iran to install and operate smuggled heavy missile systems, which were used to disable missile launchers and air-defense batteries at the start of June’s 12-day war, according to a documentary by Israel’s Channel 13.
“I told him: 'We have to do it.’ And he said, ‘You’re right, it’s gotta be done,’” Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu recalled of informing US President Donald Trump about the planned operation, according to the documentary.
The new Channel 13 documentary describes what it calls an unprecedented mission — both in scale and technical demands.
Specially trained agents deployed inside Iran installed and operated smuggled heavy missile systems, which were then used to strike the Islamic Republic’s ballistic missile launchers and air-defense batteries, aiding Israel’s broader campaign, the report said.
Negotiations over Iran’s nuclear program began under Trump’s administration with a 60-day ultimatum. On day 61, June 13, Israel launched its surprise 12-day campaign, coinciding with the eve of the sixth round of talks with Washington.
By the ninth day of fighting, the US carried out strikes on three Iranian nuclear sites, with Trump later boasting they had “obliterated” the program.
The Israeli operation involved about 100 foreign operatives, raising major logistical and command challenges, the report said. Channel 13's interviews with senior ministers suggest broader aims beyond disabling equipment: damaging underground facilities, weakening command structures and shaping events to sway US policy.
According to the report, leaders even discussed targeting Iran’s supreme leader if the chance arose.
Defense Minister Israel Katz is quoted as saying, “If there had been an opportunity, we would have [targeted him].”
Netanyahu reportedly told defense officials: “We are going to destroy the Iranian nuclear project as best we can. We aren’t waiting for a green light from the US, and it doesn’t matter if they say no.”
Secrecy, risk and the politics of optics
Secrecy was paramount, the documentary said. Foreign Minister Gideon Sa’ar recounted discussing a friend’s daughter’s upcoming wedding even as he knew it would not go ahead due to the looming offensive. Even families of top officials were mostly kept uninformed.
Brig. Gen. Gilad Keinan, the Israeli Air Force operations chief, said confidence was high in recovering downed crews, but extracting them from Iran was less certain. He added that many Iranian jets stayed grounded for fear of being shot down by their own defenses.
Cabinet transcripts revealed concern with optics. Strategic Affairs Minister Ron Dermer suggested images of destruction would help persuade Trump.
Netanyahu agreed, urging strikes on fuel tanks and a Basij facility, vowing to deliver a “birthday greeting” to the US president in the form of a decisive blow, according to the documentary.
Channel 13 said nuclear and missile sites were damaged and nuclear materials partly destroyed in the operation.
Air attacks killed nuclear scientists along with hundreds of military personnel and civilians.
Tehran answered with over 500 ballistic missiles and 1,100 drones, inflicting heavy casualties and widespread destruction, killing 31 Israeli civilians and one off-duty soldier.
Iran’s Ministry of Education introduced the recent 12-day war with Israel into school lessons with special content on the conflict to be included across all school levels in the new academic year, Education Minister Alireza Kazemi announced Sunday.
“We have prepared three special issues for primary, middle, and high school students in the form of a book, which will provide students with an extraordinary and beautiful narrative of the 12-day war,” he said.
Figures including the Supreme Leader and commanders in the Revolutionary Guards have declared the war a victory for Iran.
Kazemi added that 20 educational packages were being rolled out in addition to the 12-day war, including themes such as the Iran’s missile program, and a unit called “Hard Slap.”
The phrase was first used to describe Iran’s limited missile strike on the US Ain al-Asad base in Iraq following the killing of Quds Force commander Qassem Soleimani.
School books were later updated to include tributes to the slain commander. Other material added to textbooks includes references to militants killed in Syria, officially commemorated by the Islamic Republic as “defenders of the shrine.”
Tehran conducted a successful test of an intercontinental missile late Thursday, an Iranian parliamentarian said, after videos shared online appeared to show trails of smoke from the launches arcing upward in the sky.
“Two nights ago, we tested one of the country’s most advanced missiles, which had not been tested so far, and it was successful,” Mohsen Zanganeh told state broadcaster IRIB.
“I want to say that even under these circumstances, we are conducting a security test of an intercontinental missile.”
Residents across Tehran and in nearby cities including Gorgan, Sari and Semnan reported seeing the missile’s trajectory in the night sky. Eyewitness videos posted on social media showed arcs of smoke and light, while a Revolutionary Guards-affiliated channel shared images of the launch without claiming direct responsibility.
A local official confirmed missile tests had taken place around the capital on Thursday evening.
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)
Less than a month after the end of June's 12-day war with Israel, Iran conducted a suborbital test using a satellite launch vehicle in a move experts said showcased its defiance and determination to advance its strategic goals.
A 2019 report from the US Defense Intelligence Agency concluded that expertise in space launch vehicles “can be used as a test bed for developing an ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missiles).”
While the Islamic Republic has gained multi-stage launch capabilities through its satellite projects, there is no evidence yet of a fully developed intercontinental ballistic missile, Shahin Modarres, an international relations scholar and security analyst, told Iran International.
“Now the knowledge is there, but until this moment there has been no test and no sign of a built intercontinental weapon,” he said.
“If such a missile had been developed, Israel would already be within range, but the danger would also extend to Europe, while questions remain over whether they have the guidance systems or technology to reach the United States.”
Western governments have repeatedly voiced concern over Iran’s satellite launches, warning that the same rocket technology can be used for intercontinental ballistic missiles. Tehran, however, says its space program is peaceful.
Push for atomic bomb
Hardline voices in Iran's parliament are pushing for escalatory steps after the UN Security Council voted against lifting sanctions against Iran ahead of the so-called "snapback" of UN embargoes on September 28.
“Withdrawing from the NPT, adopting a policy of ambiguity and ultimately testing the atomic bomb is the only option that can spare Iran the fate of Iraq and Libya,” Ahmad Naderi, a member of the parliament’s presiding board said on Saturday.
"Experience has shown that countries without nuclear deterrence eventually become victims of invasion or regime change. The time has come to make hard but necessary decisions."
Iran denies seeking nuclear weapons citing a fatwa by the Supreme Leader and insists that its missile program is defensive. Yet several high-ranking officials have in recent years talked about the necessity of developing an atomic bomb and the possibility of changing the "nuclear doctrine".
The Israeli military's Persian spokesperson hit back at Iran's assertion that the world was beginning to understand Israel's crimes, countering that the Islamic Republic has carried out crimes daily since its inception.
The social media spat comes as Israel steps up its Persian language rhetoric, in an apparent bid to communicate with Iranians it views as disaffected and sympathetic to its stated preference for regime change in Tehran.
In a video posted Friday on X, IDF spokesperson Kamal Penhasi responded to remarks by Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, who had said the world was coming to understand “the crimes of the Zionist regime.”
“The biggest criminal entity is the Islamic Republic. A regime that, from the first day of the revolution, executed the best commanders and officers of the army,” Penhasi said. “It has killed elderly, youth, and children during civil protests in the streets.”
“It has sentenced thousands of innocent Iranians to the gallows or imprisoned them in its dungeons for absurd charges,” he added. “A government that exports its destructive policies through proxy groups across the world no longer has any credibility.”
Over 900 executions occurred in 2024, the highest since 2015, with August 2025 witnessing an unprecedented wave, including political prisoners and public hangings.
Rights monitors report that political prisoners and protesters have also been executed, while arbitrary arrests, torture, forced confessions and unfair trials continue, particularly against activists and journalists associated with the 2022 “Woman, Life, Freedom” movement.
Gaza health authorities said this week that Israel's incursion into Gaza over nearly two years of war with Iran-backed Hamas fighters has killed over 65,000 Palestinians.
Israel accused of seeking regime change
The head of Iran’s Army Strategic Studies and Research Center, Ahmad-Reza Pourdastan, alleged on Friday that Israel is intent on overthrowing the Islamic Republic.
“In the 12-day war, the enemy was caught off guard. I tell you with evidence, they had come to celebrate victory; they had prepared a victory anthem for Tehran to broadcast on July 1,” Ahmad Reza Pourdastan said, as cited by Iranian state media.
Pourdastan claimed the United States supported Israel during the conflict by providing missile intercept coordinates from its Central Command.
“Upon launch, the missile gained initial altitude and was immediately detected by CENTCOM radars in Qatar. The missile’s path was tracked, and they quickly informed the Israelis,” he said.
Israel launched a surprise military campaign on June 13, 2025, striking military and nuclear facilities in Iran. Air attacks killed nuclear scientists along with hundreds of military personnel and civilians. Iran retaliated with drone and missile attacks which killed 31 Israeli civilians and one off-duty soldier.
The United States joined the conflict on June 22, conducting strikes on major nuclear sites including Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan, before brokering a ceasefire on June 24.
Pourdastan insisted that Iran’s retaliatory missile strikes forced Washington to seek an end to the fighting.
“Even Trump requested a ceasefire. By God, they were scared. After Iran’s missile response, Witkoff called Mr. Araghchi and said, ‘Stop, don’t strike anymore,’” he said.
Sea attacks by the Iran-backed Houthi group in Yemen closed the Israeli Red Sea port of Eilat but enriched the Israeli state by diverting trade to a government-owned Mediterranean entrepot, the port's CEO told Iran International.
“The Houthis are making a mistake closing Bab al Mandab," The port's Iranian-born CEO Gidon Golber said.
"Yes it hurts Eilat, the smallest port in Israel, but what they’ve done is drive all the cargo to Ashdod and Haifa. So who wins? The Israeli government."
“We are a private sector port and 75% of the shareholders are American. Ashdod is a government port and Haifa is Indian. If the Houthis understood they’re helping the government, and harming mostly Americans, they would open the route.”
Gateway to the East
Israel’s gateway to the far east, Africa, India and Australia via the Red Sea, Eilat has seen all its cargo evaporate after the blockade which began in November 2023, shortly after the outbreak of war in Gaza.
The Houthis say they imposed the blockade to force Israel into a ceasefire with Iran-backed Hamas fighters in Gaza, but has since killed eight international mariners and attacked dozens of ships with no apparent connection to Israel or Western foes.
Eilat port in Israel’s southern coastal town is now only used by the military but was once the port for over half the cars coming to Israel along with cattle from Australia and various minerals.
“Ashdod and Haifa are now making more money, which is why Israel isn’t running to open the route,” said Golber. “It’s only harming the local Eilat economy.”
Of the port’s regular 120 workers, 90 are still employed there. “We didn’t fire workers - some went to Ashdod and others get a salary from the government,” Golber said.
Due to the high profit margin on cars in Israel, the 160,000 cars a year that came to Eilat, now go to government-run Ashdod Port and privately-run Haifa, which is mostly Indian owned.
“Even when the cargoes are in anchor, the ports earn money. So the Houthis did good for Israel,” Golber added. “The blockade is not slowing down logistics and is not driving prices up.”
Even though cargo now goes from the Far East via South Africa with a route of an extra 20 days, the end prices have remained the same as when using the Bab al Mandab route, Golber said.
Hopes for peace prevail
Golber is one of tens of thousands of Iranians living in Israel. He came when he was aged 1, having been born in Ahvaz.
“Iranians are very smart, cultured people, with a lot of tradition. We really hope there will be a peace treaty with Iran like it was before and trade will return like it was. If we have Abraham accords peace, it will be fruitful for the whole region,” he said.
In addition to the blockade, the Houthis have fired scores of missiles and drones to Israel since the outbreak of the Gaza war, most intercepted by air defense systems, though there have been some lapses.
Most recently, Eilat's Ramon Airport was shut briefly this month when a drone launched from Yemen struck the arrivals hall, Israel's Airports Authority said.
One man was killed in a drone attack on Tel Aviv which hit a residential building last year and a missile attack narrowly missed Israel's busiest airport in May.
Israel has responded with multiple airstrikes in Yemen, where the Houthis control large amounts of the territory after a civil war erupted in 2014. Local health authorities say the attacks have killed scores of civilians in recent months.
An Israeli attack earlier this month killed a gathering of senior leaders including the prime minister of the Houthi-led government.