An Iranian woman calling Iran International from the Netherlands said pressure and threats against critics extend beyond Iran’s borders, warning that fear has become systematic and long-lasting for those who speak out.
Mira said she had lived for years under surveillance and intimidation in Iran and now faces similar pressure abroad because of her public criticism.
“These fears are not imagined, and they have been placed inside us in a systematic way,” she said.
She urged international media and governments to move beyond documenting testimony.
“Do not just record people’s voices, and take them seriously,” she said.
Witnesses told Iran International that the body of a 50-year-old man who went missing during protests in central Iran was hard to identify because of severe head injuries, and that he was buried quickly under orders from authorities without a public funeral.
The man, identified as Nasser Movahednia, disappeared on the evening of Jan. 8 after joining protests in the town of Fooladshahr, near the central Iranian city of Isfahan, the outlet said, citing eyewitnesses.
According to the witnesses, security forces fired toward the group he was with, injuring one of his brothers, who returned home that night. Mohedenia did not return and was reported missing.
The witnesses said his family searched for him for a week without receiving any information, until they were asked on Jan. 14 to go to a morgue to identify bodies.
They said his body was difficult to recognize because of severe blows to the head.
The witnesses said authorities handed over his body the next morning and ordered that it be buried quickly without a funeral or public ceremony.
Witnesses told Iran International that a 28-year-old man was shot dead by security forces earlier this month during protests in a neighborhood of Isfahan, a major city in central Iran, in an incident they said took place in front of his mother and grandmother.
The man, identified as Pedram Saeidi, was killed on the evening of Jan. 9.
According to the witnesses, security forces pursued him toward his home before shooting him from behind. He died at the scene.
The witnesses said security forces took his body away after the shooting, and his family did not know where it was being held for several days.
They said the body was returned to the family four days later.
Heavy use of tear gas by security forces left many protesters struggling to breathe during demonstrations in Karaj, west of Tehran, an eyewitness told Iran International.
The witness said that on the night of Jan. 9, in the Kuy-e Andisheh area, security forces, snipers and plainclothes agents trapped protesters in an alley and targeted them with large amounts of tear gas and direct gunfire.
According to the eyewitness, at least five people had been killed in the area the previous night.
He said the intense tear gas caused severe breathing difficulties for a number of residents, including his mother and aunt, forcing people to light fires in the street in an attempt to make the air breathable.
The witness said security forces blocked both ends of the street, pushed the crowd into side alleys and then opened fire.
The eyewitness added that security forces were brought to the area on city buses, with snipers positioned on walls. Plainclothes agents were also present among the crowd and, alongside the use of tear gas and gunfire, were identifying and suppressing protesters.
Iranians calling Iran International’s phone-in said security forces killed and removed bodies; some reported families pressured into quiet burials and Arabic-speaking forces on the streets, as the crackdown pushed protests to window chants and fueled calls for foreign backing.
Monday night’s call-in show The Program unfolded through broken connections, Starlink links, and brief windows of limited access.
From Tehran, Mashhad, Shiraz, and smaller cities, callers described nights shaped by gunfire, bodies taken away, families disappearing after hospital notifications, and what several people called an urgent need for outside backing as the crackdown intensifies.
Many callers placed their accounts around Thursday and Friday, January 8 and 9, when a public call for protests gave way in the following days to chants from windows and rooftops as streets became harder to enter.
‘We need help’
Several callers said protests have reached a point where they do not believe people inside Iran can sustain the pressure alone, especially with widespread violence and a continuing near-blackout online.
Ali, calling from Tehran, put it bluntly. “We are 90 million prisoners in Iran, and we need support,” he said.
He pointed to foreign involvement in Iran’s past and argued that outside powers should play a direct role again. “Even the 1979 revolution did not happen only by the people, and the United States and European countries helped shape it,” Ali said.
From Shiraz, Shiva voiced a similar fear that if the moment passes without outside action, the aftermath will be even harsher.
“If no foreign force helps us and everything becomes normal again, what comes next will be arrests, heavy sentences, and executions,” she said.
She described a level of exhaustion that has turned into desperation. “People are empty-handed, and we cannot do more than this alone.”
Houman, calling from Mashhad, addressed US President Donald Trump directly and tied the question of foreign help to what he said he had witnessed on the streets.
“We did not come out for Trump, we came out for freedom and for our children’s future,” he said.
He then framed outside action as decisive for whether this ends in even more bloodshed. “Trump should do something,” Houman said.
'Proxy forces brought in'
Another theme running through the calls was descriptions of Arabic-speaking forces operating alongside Iranian security units.
Masoud, calling from Tehran, said people around him were hearing and seeing signs that some forces deployed were not local. “I do not understand who these people are who speak Arabic,” he said.
He also described what he said was an effort to document them while avoiding exposure. “My friends recorded them, and some of it is on CCTV cameras, but they cannot publish it for security reasons,” Masoud said.
The suggestion, repeated in different forms, was that Iran is drawing on proxy networks and allied forces from the region.
US officials have also said they are concerned by reports that Hezbollah members and Iraqi militias are being used against protesters, after Iran International and CNN cited sources describing Iraqi Shi’ite fighters crossing into Iran under the cover of religious pilgrimages.
'A city of blood'
Callers repeatedly described shootings they said were indiscriminate, close-range, or intended to kill rather than disperse.
Masoud described what he said he saw the morning after a protest night in Tehran. “I saw intestines on the street, and I saw what they did to our young people,” he said.
He described bodies being dragged through blood and said streets had been washed while traces remained.
Elen, calling from Turkey after spending days in Shahinshahr near Isfahan, said she saw an injured person reach a side street and then be shot again.
“I saw a wounded person reach the alley, and the officers came over, shot him, and then put his body in the trunk and took him away,” she said.
Houman described what he called sniper fire and shooting from elevated positions in Mashhad, and said people were hit as they tried to flee. “They were shooting people from the rooftops, and many were shot from behind while they were running.”
He described Friday as a night when he said arrests were not even the point. “On Friday, they were not even arresting people, and they were just shooting,” Houman said.
Danial, who called from Iran without naming his city, challenged official narratives about who is responsible for the dead, and said the violence was the story.
“They say people were killed by terrorists, but I ask why nothing happened during the rallies they organized for their own supporters,” he said.
He then offered a line that became the moral center of his call.
“The terrorist was the Islamic Republic that stood in front of the people and opened fire,” Danial said.
Bodies taken, buried quietly, or never returned
A large share of the testimony focused not only on killings, but on what happens afterward.
Masoud described what he said was the forced removal of a body and a secret burial.
“On Thursday night, they snatched the body and buried her stealthily in a nearby village,” he said.
He also described what he said is becoming a pattern: families burying people at home to avoid pressure.
Masoud said he was seeing many cases of people being buried at home to avoid official procedures and pressure. “We have a lot of cases like this; people being buried at home.”
Elen described families burying without paperwork or formal steps, and said she heard of demands for money in exchange for returning bodies.
“They buried the young man quietly, without papers, and the family said, ‘I know he is dead and that is enough,’” she said.
Nima, calling from Texas, said he had received information from a hospital worker in Tehran who managed to connect briefly. He read out a list of names and ages, including a nine-year-old.
He said the hospital account suggested an unusually high concentration of lethal shots. “They said not one person had been hit in the legs, and the injuries were to the head, neck, and chest.”
He also said the hospital worker described security pressure inside the facility, including what he said were detentions of families.
“Every family that was told their loved one had died disappeared within 10 to 15 minutes,” Nima said.
He described what he said were vans arriving to remove bodies, and claimed some people taken away were still alive. “I saw people who were still breathing, and they took them away together with the dead."
A protest evolving under shutdown
With internet access still largely down inside Iran, callers said the blackout is not only an information barrier but a tactical weapon, forcing protests to evolve.
Ali in Tehran described a shift away from mass street gatherings toward nighttime chants from homes following the call by exiled Prince Reza Pahlavi. “People are still shouting the slogans from their windows and rooftops,” he said.
He said the sense of isolation is growing. “In this situation when the internet is not there, we cannot even connect with our loved ones outside Iran,” Ali said.
Kian, calling from Ahvaz, argued that the country has entered a different phase, with older methods of control losing impact even as violence escalates.
“Iran has entered a new stage where the old tools of repression and official storytelling do not work,” he said.
He described the shutdown and the use of force as signs of fear by the authorities, not strength.
“Cutting the internet and bringing forces into civilian spaces and widespread killing are not signs of power, and they are signs of fear,” Kian said.
Callers repeatedly returned to two immediate questions: whether outside governments will take steps beyond statements, and whether the escalating violence and the handling of bodies will push even more people into open defiance despite the fear.
“The history is written with the voice of the people,” Kian said.
Witnesses in the southern Iranian city of Marvdasht, in Fars province, have told Iran International that streets and alleys are lined with memorial displays and banners for those killed in recent unrest.
According to information received on Tuesday, the city has fallen into what witnesses described as a state of collective mourning following a heavy security crackdown.
