Venezuela Boosting Oil Exports With Iranian Light Crude Supplies

Last week, Alena Dohan concluded a controversial 11-day visit to Iran in which she rejected appeals by Iranian human rights activists to meet dissidents and did not speak about the crackdown on the ongoing protests. She is the UN Human Rights Council’s Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilate7ral coercive measures on the well-being of the people.

To shed further light on the controversy, Iran International sent written questions to her office and received a written response, in which the special rapporteur defended her actions and lack of actions, threatening the media by using language such as “serious violation of ethics may have been committed by some news outlets…ending up in defamation and libelling.”

Criticism of Douhan’s mission has been spearheaded by United Nations Watch (UNW), a Geneva-based UN watchdog. Hillel Neuer, executive director of UNW, has argued that Douhan is a lobbyist for repressive regimes such as China, Russia and Qatar from which she took hundreds of thousands including $200,000 from China for the UN human rights expenses,

“Alena Douhan of Belarus is only able to exploit her UN human rights post to shield brutal regimes—Venezuela’s Maduro, Xi Jinping’s China, and, last week, Khamenei’s Iran—because of her enablers in the international human rights community,” Neuer tweeted Sunday.

In the response to Iran International, Douhan’s office wrote that receiving donations from government’s is “standard practice for the UN” and other countries such as South Korea, Japan and Norway and Russia have also donated to her office. But the issue is that she appeared at a virtual event along Chinese officials who covered up human rights violations committed against millions of Uyghurs.

Douhan has said that reduced revenues from the export of goods, low salaries and the deteriorating economic situation, and inflation have “reduced the capability of the [Iranian] government to maintain the level of social support it used to exercise in the spheres of food, health and housing”. Critics say this is a one-sided judgement as it only blames the sanctions and fails to consider the government’s own inefficiency and wrong policies.

Iranian officials have welcomed Douhan’s assertion that US sanctions have hugely deprived Iranian people of their human rights while stressing that that her mission was solely to investigate the impact of sanctions. The role of this rapporteur was created at the UN Human Rights Council by the adoption of a resolution proposed by Iran on behalf of Non-Aligned Movement in 2014.

Amir-Ali Abolfath, an international affairs expert, told the semi-official Iranian Students News Agency (ISNA) Sunday that Douhan’s visit as a UN representative and her report which will be presented at the next meeting of the UN Human Rights Council in September were important because Iran could use the evidence gathered by her in the future at international courts of law against the United States.

London-based human rights lawyer Shadi Sadr in a tweet Friday alleged that Douhan has become a “mouthpiece for the Islamic Republic”. “She is a disgrace to UN human rights experts,” she said, adding that her words and actions will discredit the UNOHCR among Iranian victims of human rights violations.

Iran has not allowed visits to any of the fourteen UN human rights experts who have made requests to monitor the situation of human rights in the country, including to the special rapporteurs for monitoring human rights in Iran appointed by the UN Human Rights Council.

Iranian Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Shirin Ebadi is among critics who said Iran would exploit Douhan’s visit to deflect attention from its human rights violations, and called for the postponement Douhan’s visit until Iran lets in Javaid Rehman, the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights.

Referring to such demands, in her press conference in Tehran Wednesday, Douhan said her critics ignore the subject of her mission and added that countries that impose sanctions have always opposed her missions. “I’m not a Special Rapporteur on Human Rights, others must speak about [human rights violations in those countries],” she said but admitted that Iran has not allowed any of the other Special Rapporteurs in the past 17 years. “I hope this is not the first and the last.”

Shahabi, a member of the Workers Syndicate of Tehran and Suburbs Bus Company (Sherkat-e Vahed), was arrested following a recent strike and protests by Tehran bus drivers. The campaign calling for his freedom said in a phone call from prison he had told his family he had high blood pressure, head and back ache, and that half his body was numb.

Shahabi was arrested May 12 as Tehran’s bus drivers began a strike over unpaid wages, creating chaos across the city with security forces in the streets and the government wary of possible protests over rising food prices.

Shahabi defended his meeting with two French citizens, trade union leader Cecile Kohler and her husband, after pictures were broadcast. Shahabi told his family during the phone call that there was nothing unusual in meeting trade union activists, although the pair, subsequently arrested, were in Iran as tourists.

In 2012 Shahabi was jailed for seven years on security charges - "gathering and colluding against state security" and "spreading propaganda against the system – two years after he was first imprisoned.

The bus workers syndicate said earlier in the month that a dozen drivers were detained after the strike.

“Revenge against the criminals for the blood of the great martyr [Hassan Khodaei] will definitely be taken, without any doubt” Raisi who was speaking to reporters before leaving Tehran for Oman for an official visit said.

In lightly veiled terms, Raisi accused the United States and Israel for the assassination saying the “global arrogance” and those, who he said, had been defeated in battlefields” by defenders of Shiite holy shrines in Syria had resorted to assassinations due to their “frustration”.

Colonel Hassan Sayyad-Khodaei, who Israeli media say was the acting commander of an elite Qods (Quds) Force unit, Unit 840, was shot dead behind the wheel of his unarmored Iranian-made Kia Pride by two gunmen who fled the scene on a motorbike.

The colonel’s name appeared as Sayyad-Khodayari in earlier reports.

The assassination took place in front of Sayyad-Khodaei ’s home on Mojahedin-e Eslam street very close to the Iranian Parliament in central Tehran in broad daylight.

There is no mention of Unit 840 of Qods Force, the extraterritorial arm of the IRGC, in Iranian media. The existence of a such a unit has only been reported by Israeli media, which in November 2020 reported that Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) had accused Unit 840 of placing explosives on Syrian border.

IRGC Spokesman Ramezan Sharif on Monday blamed intelligence services of the “global domination system and Zionism” for the assassination which in Iranian official rhetoric refer to the United States and Israel. Armed Forces’ Spokesman Abolfazl Shekarchi said intelligence bodies are investigating the assassination and will announce its results later.

Earlier this month, Mansour Rasouli, an Iranian man who was seen in a video confessing to planning assassinations on behalf of the IRGC claimed in another video shared on social media that he was coerced by unknown people, allegedly Mossad agents, into making the confession.

Israel’s Channel 13 news on Sunday claimed that Rasouli had been one of the operatives under Sayyad-Khodaei ’s direction.

Israel’s Channel 12 also claimed that Sayyad-Khodaei had also been behind an attempt by Iranian operatives recently uncovered by Shin Bet to lure Israeli academics, businesspeople, and former defense officials abroad to kidnap them as well as alleged plot to kill five Israelis in Cyprus.

Diplomatic sources who spoke to Iran International in April said the man in charge of the alleged assassination plots was a member of the secretive Unit 840 whose mission is to conduct operations against Western targets and Iranian opposition groups and individuals.

In another statement that seemed like an attempt to compensate for the security lapse in Tehran, the IRGC and Iran's Intelligence Ministry announced they had discovered and captured a team of "thugs" linked with Israel's Mossad.

The statement said the Israeli intelligence networks "were engaged in stealing and damaging public and private properties, kidnapping and getting forced confessions".

Iranian state-run media on Sunday, around the time of the assassination, also said the IRGC’s intelligence organization had arrested members of an Israeli spy ring operating in the country.

In recent years Iran has blamed Israel for the assassination of its nuclear scientists as well asMohsen Fakhrizadeh, said to be Iran’s top nuclear man, in November 2020 in a highly complicated operation east of the capital Tehran involving a remotely-controlled one-ton automated weapon that had been smuggled into the country in pieces.

Iran has also accused Israel of sabotage operations against its nuclear facilities including an explosion in April 2021 that inflicted major damage to the Natanz uranium enrichment site.

Israel has never officially taken responsibility for any of these assassinations and sabotage operations but also never denied involvement.

A report on the Doha-based channel citing Qatari foreign minister Mohammed bin Abdul Rahman Al-Thani’s account of Qatar emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani’s May 12 meeting with Khamenei had mentioned the word “compromise, attributing it to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.

Both Al-Jazeera and Reuters news agency have dropped the word ‘compromise’ from their reports, now citing the Qatari foreign minister saying that Doha had been informed by Iran that the JCPOA negotiations matters were "under review."

Iran’s foreign affairs spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh, quickly responded Saturday, telling Tasnim news agency that Foreign Minister Al-Thani’s remarks had been deliberately misinterpreted by some media outlets and in any case falsely attributed to Khamenei.

The leader “never spoke of any compromise over the issue” during the meeting, Khatibzadeh said. "The Supreme Leader … told the Emir of Qatar: 'We have always said that negotiations should be productive and not a waste of time. The Americans know what to do regarding this.’"

Khatibzadeh insisted that the Qatari foreign minister had referred to Iranian officials rather than Khamenei, and that the translation of ‘compromise’ in Persian-language media had given a misleading sense of Iran making concessions rather than resolving disagreements.

Upon arrival at the Royal Special Airport in Muscat, Raisi was welcomed by Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said. His official reception is expected to be held in Al-Alam Palace.

He is also scheduled to hold meetings with Oman’s prime minister and foreign minister, Iranians residing in Oman, and Omani businesspeople.

Before Raisi’s visit, Iranian Oil Minister Javad Owji visited Muscat and held a meeting with his counterpart Mohammed Al Rumhi, where the two agreed to revive an offshore gas pipeline project that dates back to about two decades ago.

Iran and Oman signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) in 2003 to construct a 200-km pipeline from Iran’s Kuh-e Mobarak to Oman’s Sohar port, estimated at the time to cost about $1.2 billion. Based on the deal, Iran was expected to start delivering 10 billion cubic meters per year (bcm/yr) to Oman in 2008 for 25 years. But the deal never materialized due to increasing tensions between Iran and the West, resulting in international sanctions imposed gradually around 2010 to restrict Tehran’s nuclear program.

Neither Iran nor Oman has the technology to lay a pipeline in the deep waters of the Sea of Oman that in some spots reach the depth of one kilometer. Iran has capacity only to construct offshore pipelines in less than 150-meter depth.

As long as American sanctions against Iran remain, no major global company will be willing to get involved in the pipeline project.

Muscat has traditionally played a mediating role between Tehran and Washington.