The French Trade Union Collective, a coalition of five major labor unions in France, issued a statement blaming the negligence of authorities for last month’s deadly coal mine explosion in Iran, which killed at least 52 workers.
"According to international labor conventions, the government and private employers are obligated to protect the safety and lives of workers in the workplace," the statement read.
"The deaths of these workers were entirely preventable," the unions added, blaming the disaster on negligence.
The explosion at the Tabas coal mine, which occurred on September 21, was caused by a methane gas leak deep within the mine, according to Iranian state television. Rescue efforts were severely hampered by the high levels of methane gas, with many miners trapped in Block B, where conditions were particularly hazardous.
In their statement, the unions emphasized that miners had alerted management to the presence of methane gas in the tunnels before the explosion, yet they were still forced to continue working.
The French trade unions underscored the severity of the issue by citing official statistics from 2023, which reported that 2,115 people were killed in workplace accidents in Iran, with an additional 27,000 injured.
"The frequency of these deadly mining accidents clearly shows that miners face a systemic problem and a lack of political will to address it," the statement read.
Ali Nesaee Zohan, public prosecutor and head of the South Khorasan Revolutionary Court, announced last week that the case investigator had confirmed a lack of safety measures at the mine, attributing the negligence to the mine's management.
Hassan Hashemi, a representative of Birjand in Iran’s Islamic Consultative Assembly, also criticized the managers of the Tabas Ma'danjoo mine for failing to implement an online monitoring system and a gas venting shaft, which he said directly contributed to the explosion.
Despite the findings, no official action has been taken to summon or question the owners of the private coal mining company Ma'danjoo.
The unions involved in the statement include the Confédération française démocratique du travail (CFDT), Confédération générale du travail (CGT), Fédération syndicale unitaire (FSU), Union syndicale Solidaires, and Union nationale des syndicats autonomes (UNSA).
During a meeting with the European Union's foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, Iran's Foreign Minister confirmed the delivery of short-range rockets to Russia, but said Iran has not provided ballistic missiles to Russia.
In a statement posted on social media platform X, Araghchi wrote, “We have not provided ballistic missiles to Russia, and if Europe needs an excuse to cave in to Israel’s blackmail, it should find another story.”
It is not the first time that Iran has deflected attention by blaming Iran's archenemy Israel, which was targeted with a barrage of 181 ballistic missiles earlier this month.
Araghchi added, “Iran-Russia military cooperation is not new and dates back to before the Ukraine crisis. Some European countries have provided the Israeli regime with advanced weapons while participating in military operations against Iran.”
The remarks came in response to an earlier report from The Wall Street Journal, in which EU reporter Laurence Norman said that Araghchi had acknowledged, during a meeting with EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell in New York, that Iran sent short-range missiles with a range of 250 kilometers to Russia.
Norman wrote, “Senior EU official says Araghchi acknowledged in NY that Iran had sent missiles to Russia of less than 250km range. He claimed they were not 'ballistic' missiles.”
Despite Araghchi’s denial, the European Union is pressing ahead with sanctions targeting Iranian individuals and entities connected to the missile transfers. Citing a senior EU official, Reuters reported that the sanctions are likely to be introduced as early as Monday. The sanctions are part of the EU’s first wave of punitive measures linked to Iran’s alleged missile transfers and could also impact sectors beyond military ties.
Iran has been widely criticized for its deepening military support for Russia in Ukraine, particularly its provision of drones used to target civilian infrastructure. It has also led to global sanctions on Iran.
The two nations appear to be drawing closer politically and militarily. Reflecting the ideological alignment, on Friday, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Russian President Vladimir Putin met in Turkmenistan, where Putin remarked that the countries’ “assessments of events taking place in the world are often very close.”
Last month, EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell issued a warning to Tehran, stating that the bloc would “respond swiftly and in coordination with international partners” if Iran continued supplying weapons to Russia.
As Iranian media reported, one student interrupted Pezeshkian at the beginning of his speech, protesting the lack of opportunity for students to voice their opinions. “A student doesn’t disrupt the event—let me finish my speech, and we’ll see what happens next,” Pezeshkian responded, offering to leave if the protests continued. He then asked the students to appoint a representative to speak on their behalf.
The president stepped down from the podium to listen to a student protester from the Basij, a hardline paramilitary organization. The student called for Pezeshkian to participate in a December 7 revolutionary ceremony in the university. However, moments after Pezeshkian resumed his speech, the session was disrupted again, this time by a university employee, escalating the tension.
“You, who can’t maintain order, mean we still haven’t reached the understanding to follow the rules,” Pezeshkian said to the employee, criticizing his behavior. He added, “If university staff have something to say, hold a meeting for them, and we’ll talk together.”
Two years ago, during the Woman, Life, Freedom protests, Iranian universities became hubs of unrest, with students openly protesting against the government, including Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Pezeshkian’s speech, which was broadcast live on state television, was a reminder of the divide between the government and the student body.
Despite the mounting frustration, Pezeshkian continued his speech, stressing, "Why should we fight? Whether left or right, religious or non-religious, bring a valid argument, and we’ll accept it.”
Notably absent from Pezeshkian’s speech was any mention of the ongoing crackdown on academic freedom. In recent weeks, the government has expelled more students for participating in protests, intensifying the scrutiny on Iran’s higher education system. While Pezeshkian previously criticized such dismissals, his silence on the matter at the University of Tehran was significant.
In an indirect response to earlier calls for reinstating expelled students during Pezeshkian campaign, Mostafa Rostami, the Supreme Leader’s representative in universities, made clear that such efforts would not be tolerated. Following his remarks, two more students were officially banned from continuing their education, reinforcing the control of security bodies over universities.
The financial challenges facing Iran’s higher education sector also loomed large. Iran’s Science Minister, Hossein Simayi Sarraf, underscored the situation during the same event, stating, “The total budget for our universities and educational centers is less than the budget for a single top university in the world.” Sarraf emphasized that the education budget has halved in foreign currency terms since 2011, warning of an academic exodus as students and professors seek better opportunities abroad.
Pezeshkian, however, focused on the need for Iranian universities to generate their own income, sidestepping Sarraf’s concerns. "Abroad, universities either receive government funding or generate their own income. If we want to solve our problems, university professors must help us address societal issues,” Pezeshkian said, suggesting that Iranian universities adopt similar financial strategies.
Ali Shirazi, an Iranian affairs expert, told Iran International that Pezeshkian’s remarks revealed a divide between him and the science minister. “When the science minister talks about the budget shortage, Pezeshkian counters by saying universities, like those abroad, must generate their own income,” Shirazi explained. “He doesn’t acknowledge the vast differences between the situation in Iran and universities in other countries.”
Iran’s university crisis is compounded by controversial policies, such as admitting members of Iraq’s Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) into Iranian universities without entrance exams. Student activists have objected, vowing to resist the militarization of academic institutions.