Iranian ambassador’s Hezbollah post sparks outrage in Austria

The ads published in Arabic included messages such as "Do not take up arms against the US or its partners" and "The US will protect its partners against threats from the Iranian regime and its proxies."

The advertisements which appeared on Tinder for users in Lebanon were posted along with images of warplanes and the logo of CENTCOM. "CENTCOM is fully prepared with F-16 Fighting Falcon fighters and A-10 Thunderbolt fighters already in the region."

It is not clear why the US military has chosen a dating app for its message to Iran. Hezbollah fighters are said to be banned from using cellphones as their location might be tracked. The Lebanese civilians seem to be the main audience of the message, even though they cannot do much to stop an Iran-led strike.

The warning comes amid concerns that the Iranian-Israeli tensions would lead to an all-out regional war. Iran has so far refrained from its promised retaliatory attack against Israel, while repeating the claim that it has not abandoned the plan to take revenge for the Israeli killing of Hamas chief Ismail Haniyeh.

On Monday, Iran's top general stressed that “taking revenge for this criminal act, whether by the axis of resistance, or by the Islamic Republic of Iran, is certain."

“Members of the axis of resistance, each based on their capabilities and considerations, will carry out their revenge, some of which we witnessed yesterday,” Major General Mohammad Bagheri added, referring to the attacks on Israel by Hezbollah during the weekend.

Bagheri’s remarks can be read as a sign that Iran could opt out of an attack against Israel from its soil and limit its response to ‘proxy’ operations by Hezbollah and other armed groups in the region. Still, the US is continuing to boost its military presence in the region in anticipation of a major escalation.

"It's very difficult to know what the Iranians are thinking on any given day. They may remain prepared and postured should they want to conduct some sort of large-scale attack on Israel," White House national security spokesman John Kirby told Fox News on Tuesday. "That's why we remain prepared and postured to defend against that attack and to defend our own troops and facilities in the region."

Kirby said the US has got "a couple of (aircraft) carriers there right now and there are other assets, both air and ground based, available to the US. We're prepared and postured should we need to do that. We obviously don't want to see that outcome."

US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin has directed two aircraft carrier strike groups to remain in the Middle East, bolstering the US military presence amid Iran-Israel tensions, the Pentagon announced on Sunday.

Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, Director of IHR, condemned the act, stating, “Public hanging is an inhumane, cruel, and degrading act that not only victimizes the defendant but also the general public.”

Amiry-Moghaddam called on the international community to “condemn this barbaric punishment in the strongest terms,” warning that “we will witness more public executions if the international community fails to respond appropriately.”

Akrami had been on death row for about a year after being convicted of murder. Mohammad Sadegh Akbari, head of the judiciary in Semnan province, confirmed that Akrami was sentenced to execution by Branch 49 of the Supreme Court, for the “intentional murder” of Mahmoudreza Jafar Aghayi using a hunting weapon, as reported by Iran’s state-affiliated ISNA news agency.

While this is the first public execution in Iran this year, the Islamic Republic has already executed at least 345 people as of August 9, according to reports from rights groups.

In 2023, Iran executed 853 people, the highest number in eight years, according to Amnesty International. This marked a 48% increase from 2022 and a 172% rise from 2021. Last year, Iran carried out seven public executions, according to IHR.

Between July 22 and August 21 alone, at least 106 individuals were executed in Iranian prisons, a reminder of the brutal measures the Islamic government has used for four decades despite international criticism, reported the US-based HRANA news agency on Thursday.

The executions have not been limited to those convicted of violent crimes. Many of those hanged were political prisoners, protesters, and individuals from ethnic and religious minority groups, often sentenced in sham trials that lack transparency and due process, the report said.

This wave of executions is part of a broader strategy by the Iranian government to instill fear and suppress any form of resistance. Since the nationwide protests in 2022, triggered by the death of Mahsa Amini in morality-police custody, Iran has weaponized the death penalty as a means of crushing dissent and tightening its authoritarian grip on the nation.

The staff at the refineries of the South Pars Gas Complex (SPGC) organized a protest gathering on Tuesday, driven by economic grievances and the incomplete payment of wages, as they sought to address and pursue their demands.

On Monday, permanent employees of the Pars Oil and Gas Company (POGC), a National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) subsidiary, staged a protest march in Asaluyeh, Bushehr Province, calling attention to the growing turmoil in Iran's key industries. Simultaneously, workers at the Kangan Cement Factory, also in southern Iran, continued their strike, now in its 28th day, demanding accountability from the authorities.

The striking workers at Kangan Cement have outlined several demands, including the permanent employment of contract workers, the implementation of a comprehensive job classification plan, and increased vacation days. Despite their prolonged efforts, these demands have yet to be addressed, leading to continued protest actions.

Additionally, the Council for Organizing Oil Contract Workers' Protests has been actively sharing images and reports of various protest actions within the oil and gas sector on social media, indicating a coordinated effort among labor groups. The council noted that similar actions were undertaken by Parsian Oil and Gas Holding and Fajr Jam Gas Refinery in southern Iran.

The group has outlined a series of critical demands, including the “dismissal of incompetent and corrupt officials, the removal of wage ceilings, the elimination of retirement pension restrictions, and a comprehensive revision of the Retirement Fund's regulations.”

The requests illustrated the profound and systemic issues within the oil and gas sectors, which are pivotal to Iran’s economy.

Earlier, workers overseeing drilling operations in the southern oilfields also held protests.

Workers in Iran have consistently protested against deteriorating economic conditions and inadequate wage policies, as well as late payments of salaries. However, despite the frequency of these protests in recent years, their demands have largely been ignored.

A report by the US-based Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA) in April revealed that between April 2023 and April 2024, there were 428 reported labor protests.

Amidst these challenges, Iran's summer power crisis—which reduced electricity supply to industries by half and caused widespread blackouts—has now given rise to urgent warnings of an impending severe gas shortage this winter.

The strikes are not confined to southern Iran; a wave of protests has swept across the country, with Iranian nurses taking to the streets to demand better working conditions, fair pay, and respect for their profession.

These demonstrations, which began on August 5, have escalated into widespread strikes. The nurses’ demands are clear and urgent: an immediate wage increase, the elimination of mandatory overtime, proper and timely implementation of nursing tariffs, payment of overdue wages, improvement of harsh working conditions, and an end to security crackdowns on protesting nurses. These demands extend beyond financial compensation; they seek recognition of the critical role that nurses play in Iran’s healthcare system.

However, the Iranian government faces a significant budget deficit, estimated to exceed 50%, making it challenging to meet the nurses' demands. Similar grievances exist in other sectors, where most workers are struggling to survive on approximately $200 per month.

“Let us not place our hopes in the enemy, nor should we await their approval for our plans. This does not preclude engaging with them when necessary—there’s no harm. However, do not rely on them, and trust in the enemy is misplaced," Khamenei said on Tuesday.

In his first meeting with President Masoud Pezeshkian's cabinet, Khamenei fueled speculation of a possible shift toward a softer foreign policy, though not without his trademark dose of skepticism.

"No plan is without its challenges," he remarked. "For some, the instinctive response to obstacles is a retreat, but this is a flawed approach. Instead, one must either overcome the hurdle or find a way to circumvent it. While there may be times when a tactical retreat becomes necessary after all avenues have been explored, it is crucial not to abandon one's position or resolve at the first sign of difficulty," Khamenei added.

Since Masoud Pezeshkian's election, murmurs of dialogue with the West have grown, signaling a potential shift toward negotiations on nuclear issues. While Tehran's rhetoric fluctuates, it remains steadfast on red lines like terrorism sponsorship. How they intend to lift crippling sanctions while maintaining these positions is yet to be seen.

Two weeks ago, Khamenei had adopted a more aggressive yet still ambiguous tone. He condemned the "enemy’s psychological warfare" intended to dissuade Iran and warned that any retreat—whether military, political, or economic—that lacks “tactical prudence” would invite "divine wrath," as cautioned in the Holy Quran.

At Tuesday’s meeting, Khamenei also confirmed he had vetted the ministers well before their parliamentary approval.

"The President sought my counsel in selecting the ministers. I endorsed several, emphasized the importance of others, and remained neutral on many whom I was unfamiliar with," Khamenei said on Tuesday.

Last week, in his final address before the cabinet vote, Pezeshkian revealed that Khamenei approved every minister and personally persuaded at least one hesitant candidate to step up.

In the first meeting of the new cabinet, Khamenei confirmed the claim but with a nuanced twist, noting that while he had reviewed the list, he was unfamiliar with many of the nominees—this subtle remark left room for future maneuvering, a hallmark of Khamenei’s strategic ambiguity.

Historically, it has been understood that Khamenei plays a decisive role in selecting key ministers—specifically those of Intelligence, Interior, Defense, and Foreign Affairs. Yet, no sitting president had previously admitted to such direct pre-approval.

Pezeshkian’s openness, paired with Khamenei’s carefully measured response, has led to renewed scrutiny of the system's democratic pretensions. Some reformist observers speculate that Pezeshkian might be laying the groundwork to shift blame to Khamenei if his administration falters. However, Khamenei has never shied away from disowning those he's endorsed—most notably former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, whom Khamenei staunchly defended in the face of the 2009 protests, despite widespread allegations of electoral fraud.

A recent report from the Tehran-based pro-reform newspaper Ham-Mihan revealed that Afghans must now purchase an expensive smart card to stay in Iran—a card that costs one billion rials (nearly $1,700).

This requirement comes at a time when Afghan immigration has surged, with estimates suggesting that up to 10,000 Afghans enter Iran daily, swelling the Afghan population in the country to as high as 10 million, or more than 10% of the population.

A backlash against Afghans has intensified on social media, with many Iranians complaining about the economic and social cost of hosting so many migrants amid Iran's own economic crisis, dwindling public services and joblessness.

Ham-Mihan quoted Arefeh, an Afghan woman who moved to Iran six years ago with her husband, describing the ordeal they faced when attempting to renew their Afghan passports. "We were told we needed to purchase a smart card to stay in Iran," Arefeh recounted. "The smart card, however, costs one billion rials." This card is now mandatory for the head of the family and any male child over 18 to remain and work in Iran. According to the report, authorities no longer accept census papers, passports, or residency cards, making the smart card the only option for legal residency.

This policy, adopted in June of last year, is widely seen as a money-making scheme by the Iranian government. Issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the Bureau for Aliens and Foreign Immigrants Affairs, the smart cards have become part of what some are calling the "One billion rial investment plan," a label that underscores the financial burden on Afghan migrants. With millions of Afghans in the country, if the government collects this fee solely from the head of each family, Iran stands to rake in billions of dollars through this scheme, exploiting one of the world's most vulnerable populations for financial gain.

The timing of this new policy coincides with a marked increase in the deportation of Afghan migrants, which has intensified this summer. In mid-August, the governor of Shahriar County in Tehran Province announced a "swift operation to round up illegal migrants," targeting undocumented Afghans. Local official Alireza Fatehi-Nejad emphasized the challenges posed by undocumented Afghans, citing legal issues and the strain on public resources.

This operation, coordinated by multiple government agencies, has led to the forced repatriation of many Afghans. However, reports indicate that despite being deported, many Afghans return to Iran due to the dire conditions in Afghanistan and the fact that their families remain in the country. This cycle of deportation and return highlights the persistent challenges Afghan migrants face in Iran.

Eskandar Momeni, Iran’s new Interior Minister, said Monday that “One of my main priorities… is the issue of foreign nationals. We will present a bill for the establishment of the National Migration Organization to the Parliament…, and we will begin the work.”

In response to a question regarding the Border Guard Commander announcing that undocumented foreign nationals must leave Iran by March 2025, Momeni said “This matter is also in progress, and we are following up on it.”

The situation has sparked outrage among activists and intellectuals within Iran. In October, over 540 artists, lawyers, doctors, journalists, and civil society activists called for an end to the "mistreatment" of Afghan migrants. The deportation of over 20,000 Afghan children, many of whom were unaccompanied, has further fueled criticism.

There are no precise figures on the number of Afghans living in Iran, but estimates range between 5 to 8 million, with some suggesting the number could be as high as 15 million, raising questions about the government's motives. Critics accuse the Islamic Republic of pursuing an "open border" policy, allowing thousands of Afghans to enter illegally each day. This influx has led to widespread speculation about the government's hidden agenda.

Many Iranians believe the Islamic Republic actively encourages mass Afghan migration for several reasons. Some argue that as a large segment of the population has distanced itself from religion, the authorities are trying to alter the country's demographic makeup, so that the clerical rulers can tighten their grip on power.

A user on X shared a photo of Afghans climbing over a wall at the Iranian border, commenting that despite spending three billion euros on building and completing this wall to stop Afghan entry, the border closure now feels like a joke.

Others suggest that the government views the Afghan population as a strategic asset. Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has long sought to increase the population in line with Shia ideology, but economic hardships and lifestyle choices have led many Iranians to forgo having large families. In this context, the presence of Afghans serves Khamenei's goal of population growth.

Moreover, Afghans, often desperate for work, are seen as prime recruits for the IRGC’s overseas operations in Syria and Lebanon. By fostering resentment towards Afghan migrants, the government deflects public anger away from itself and towards a scapegoat, further entrenching its power.