Daily Fines for Employers of Iran's Unauthorized Foreign Workers

The award will be presented during an upcoming event, according to the Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy.

Iran International is receiving the award almost 45 days after its TV host Pouria Zeraati was stabbed while leaving his London residence for work. He survived the attack with leg injuries and decided to return to work after a couple of days in the hospital. As of yet, it is unclear who the attackers were and what their motives were. But it wasn't long after the news broke that fingers were pointed at the Iranian regime, given the Islamic Republic's history of plotting against dissidents as well as foreign officials.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Foreign Minister David Cameron condemned the attack on him, respectively, which happened following multiple threats from Iranian intelligence aimed at journalists of Iran International.

The Iranian government has long threatened Iran International, with several journalists at the network facing imminent attacks in the years 2022 and 2023. In March, a leaked document revealed that Tehran’s Revolutionary Court convicted 44 foreign-based journalists and media activists in absentia two years ago over the allegation of “propaganda against the government,” which included Iran International's Aliasghar Ramezanpour.

Last year, Iran International's offices were temporarily relocated from London to Washington after threats escalated to the point where domestic security services were unable to ensure the safety of the employees. Just before the incident, Iran's intelligence minister had branded Iran International a terrorist organization, paving the way for all sorts of action against the broadcaster and its journalists.

According to Freedom House, Iran has one of the worst records for press freedom in the world, with more than 70 journalists arrested since the 2022 uprising alone. Among those were the two women who first reported the arrest and subsequent death of Mahsa Amini, whose death in morality police custody sparked the most significant uprising since the Islamic Republic foundation. Figures suggest many more have been arrested amid Iran's secretive regime.

The honor for Iran International will take place at the summit which raises awareness about urgent human rights situations that require global action and provides a platform for human rights activists, former political prisoners, and heroes to give testimony about their struggles for democracy and freedom. It aims to build an international community that can challenge dictatorships.

Hadi Kasaeizadeh, editor-in-chief of Meydan-e Azadi Monthly, and Asal Dadashloo are accused of disseminating content against the regime.

A BBC World report recently revealed the existence of a "highly confidential" document, suggesting that 16-year-old Shakarami was sexually assaulted and murdered by Iranian security forces during the Woman, Life, Freedom uprising.

In response to the BBC's revelations, Iran's judiciary has charged multiple journalists and media activists who disseminated the information, accusing them of broadcasting "false, insulting, content against the regime" in cyberspace.

Journalists Marzieh Mahmoudi and Mohammad Parsi are also facing charges linked to their reporting on Shakarami’s death.

The journalists are part of a larger group of media professionals targeted by the government. Since the 2022 protests, at least 79 journalists have been arrested, including two women who initially reported on the arrest and death of Mahsa Amini. Reports suggest that the number could be as high as 100.

Shakarami’s death, characterized by head injuries, recalls the murder of Kurdish-Iranian Mahsa Amini in September 2022, which ignited a nationwide uprising.

Arrested by morality police for improperly wearing her hijab, Amini's death has led to increased repression by Iran's security forces as they attempt to suppress dissent and unrest, alongside the tightening of hijab laws as the country continues to rebel against the state's Islamic dress code.

The figures provided by Tejarat News, a non-independent news outlet, indicate that a doctor has taken their own life approximately every 10 days since the beginning of the Persian New Year in late March.

While there has been a significant increase in suicides among young doctors, students, teachers and others in Iran, the country’s Ministry of Health has been accused of withholding accurate statistics on suicide rates.

"Unfortunately, there are no official statistics available on doctors' suicides. This has been a problem in previous years too, but now, with the prevalence of online platforms, news spreads rapidly,” the head of the Iranian Nursing Organization, Mohammad Sharifi Moghadam told Tejarat News.

Among those lost to suicide recently are physician Zahra Maleki Ghorbani, rheumatology specialist Samira Al-e-Saeedi, and cardiovascular specialist Parastoo Bakhshi.

The Silence of Iran’s Ministry of Health

Despite acknowledging the rising suicide rates, the government has been criticized for its lack of action and ineffective policies to address the underlying issues driving suicide.

Moghadam emphasized the Ministry of Health's neglect of the challenges faced by young doctors and medical graduates in Iran, highlighting it as a persistent issue.

"Despite years of dedication and education, some individuals have reached a point where they prefer death to life," he said.

Former health minister Hassan Hashemi similarly decried the government’s silence surrounding the suicides, stating that "it is the duty of the Minister of Health and his other colleagues to examine these issues with the help of sociologists, psychologists, and other experts and find a solution as soon as possible to prevent this shocking incident."

Homayoun Sameh Najafabadi, a member of the health committee of the Iranian parliament, acknowledged the gravity of the issue but refrained from elaborating on why the parliament doesn't demand accountability from the Ministry of Health.

Factors Behind Iran’s ‘Suicide Crisis’

Though the exact reasons why someone commits suicide are often complex and multifaceted, and may not be fully understood by others, Tejarat News has suggested some contributing factors to the underlying issues that contribute to the suicide trend in Iran.

The outlet claimed that contributing factors included the separation of married couples due to work and financial struggles, restrictions on alternative employment, and the lack of respect for medical staff in certain hospital settings.

These challenges, the report suggests, culminate in feelings of depression and hopelessness, affecting even the country's elite youth.

"The work pressure is so high that these people lose their footing," Moghadam said, pointing out that livelihood struggles and disrespect from hospital administrators compound the already immense challenges faced by doctors in Iran.

Mohammad Mirkhani, a social consultant at the Medical Council of Iran, attributed the significant increase in doctor suicides in Iran to the challenging working conditions they face. He noted, "Medical assistants sometimes work for 72 hours straight, which poses extreme dangers to their mental well-being. Such conditions often lead to depression."

But, the suicide crisis faced by the medical community also extends to students and other parts of the country’s workforce.

In February, the labor union, the Coordinating Council of Iranian Teacher Trade Associations, described the situation of student suicides as a "tsunami."

Last year, over the course of 283 days, 23 workers committed suicide, according to a report by the ‘reformist’ Etemad newspaper.

That outlet listed poverty, arrears, and demands for wages and dismissal from the workplace as reasons for the suicide rate among workers.

Experts have attributed the increased suicides in Iran to the systemic reluctance and neglect of Iranian authorities to address workers' conditions – identifying it as one of the key underlying causes.

With a history of long-standing human rights violations, experts anticipate that Iranian authorities will continue to neglect the well-being of the country’s workforce and other segments of society, perpetuating a cycle of suffering and injustice.

In a Monday statement, it condemned the ongoing crackdown on Iranian women and girls who are at the center of a nationwide defiance of the country’s mandatory hijab laws, policies which the UN has branded 'gender apartheid'.

USCIRF Commissioner Susie Gelman said the US must do more to hold Iran accountable amid mass human rights abuses as Iran continues undeterred in spite of global sanctions. Just last year, record numbers of Iranians were executed as the regime fights for its survival in the biggest uprising since the founding of the Islamic Republic. 

“Iranian authorities callously violate women’s religious freedom and target any individual advocating for freedom of religion or belief. The US government has continued to support global efforts to hold Iran accountable for its heinous acts."

"However, USCIRF urges additional sanctions on Iranian government agencies and security officials responsible for particularly severe violations of religious freedom by freezing their assets and barring their entry into the United States,” she stated.

The push for increased sanctions coincides with the Iranian regime’s new Noor initiative, an enforcement campaign of the hijab which has increased the severity and frequency of crackdowns on Iranian women.

The initiative is part of a broader effort to stifle dissent across various sectors, including human rights activists, journalists, and students, with a new wave of arrests reported recently.

In its annual report on Thursday, USCIRF advocated for the US government to support the UN Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Iran and to document human rights abuses.

Furthermore, the USCIRF highlighted the systematic harassment, arrest, and torture of protesters, including minors, underlining an escalation in the enforcement of hijab laws, surveillance, and covert operations by morality police throughout 2023.

Grossi met Iran's nuclear chief Mohammad Eslami on Tuesday, one of many meetings in the past 32 months, which have failed to resolve any of the outstanding issues. However, this did not stop Eslami from claiming that the discussions were "positive and productive."

Grossi has been at his job for less than five years, but his organization, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been grappling with the ‘Iran issue’ for more than two decades, ‘raising concerns’, ‘demanding explanations’, ‘assessing compliance’, and ultimately ‘expressing disappointment’.

All the while, the regime in Tehran has been slowly but steadily moving towards nuclear weapons capability. It has never been closer, according to Grossi, who estimates that a ‘bomb’ is only weeks – not months – away, if the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei chose to ‘go for it.’

Iranian officials, of course, maintain that their nuclear program is entirely peaceful. There may exist a mountain of circumstantial evidence to the contrary, but they would like Grossi and other concerned parties to ignore it all, resting on the claim that Khamenei has issued a religious ruling (or fatwa) against all weapons of mass destruction. Although Khamenei has never officially issued a fatwa, but even if he had, it could be overturned in one sweep without much fuss. 

So what are the facts?

The fact is that Iran is now enriching uranium up to 60% purity, according to the IAEA, just one step from the 90% required for making bombs. The fact is that Iran is now in possession of a nuclear stock 27 times the limit that it set in the nuclear deal with US, Britain, China, Russian, Germany, France and the EU in July 2015. And the fact is that virtually every time that the IAEA has found something significant about Iran’s nuclear activities, it has been in spite of, not with the help of, Iran's government.

IAEA experts, including Grossi himself, say such levels of enrichment cannot be justified or explained in the absence of a weapons program. Still, there’s very little Grossi could do to make rulers of Iran think twice, since world powers, including the US, are reluctant to antagonize the regime, refusing even to confront it in the IAEA’s quarterly Board of Governors meetings – the latest of which will commence on 3 June.

"Everyone knows this is a game Iran plays ahead of the Board of Governors meetings, where it routinely over-promises in order to avoid a censure and then underdelivers," analyst Eric Brewer of the Nuclear Threat Initiative told Reuters. "Grossi is well aware of that strategy, too. The key question is whether he can get anything concrete from Iran."

He felt he did that last time he visited Iran – in March 2023. The now-devalued Joint Statement he delivered alongside Iranian officials was supposed to be the first step towards expanded surveillance of Iran’s nuclear facilities. As it turned out, it was the only step, according to Grossi’s last report to IAEA member states.

Grossi’s latest trip to Iran is unlikely to yield much more than the previous one. Some believe that it’s not only futile, but counterproductive.

“Iran has violated its nonproliferation obligations, refused to answer the IAEA’s questions, and is on the threshold of nuclear weapons,” wrote Anthony Ruggiero, Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies on FDD’s website. “The IAEA should not be celebrating Iran’s nuclear program at a conference in Iran.”

Many hold the view that the 2015 deal was the world’s best hope to stop Iran’s slow march towards nuclear weapons capability. Former president Donald Trump abandoned that deal, giving Tehran what it perhaps wanted most: an excuse to roll back cooperation with the IAEA and accelerate its uranium enrichment.

Others argue that the 2015 JCPOA agreement was a poor attempt at stopping Iran's nuclear ambitions. The deal had clear sunset clauses that would expire and Tehran just needed to be patient and wait.

President Joe Biden spent the first half of his term trying to revive the 2015 nuclear deal – and failed. He then turned to chasing an informal agreement, looking the other way as China purchased tens of billions of Iran’s sanctioned oil, and releasing billions in frozen funds, all to encourage the regime in Tehran to limit enrichment, even temporarily.

Iran did indeed slow its production of highly-enriched uranium last summer, only to resume it in Autumn, according to an IAEA report last December.

Last month, following an Israeli air strike against an Iranian air defense system near a major nuclear site in central Iran, a senior IRGC commander warned that the regime could “change” its nuclear doctrine. The statement was read by many as a thinly veiled threat that the Islamic Republic could break ties with IAEA and ‘go for’ nuclear weapons.

No course of action is guaranteed to stop that, according to most diplomats and nuclear experts. That’s the reason, perhaps, that Grossi found himself accepting yet another invitation from Tehran, shaking hands and smiling with officials whose sincerity he may trust even less than the efficacy of his trip.